The global textile industry has always been a benchmark in terms of technology, creativity and adaptability. According to research released by IEMI – Market Intelligence, the segment expects to reap good results in 2023. After three years of declines due to the pandemic, the report pointed out that more than 6 billion pieces are expected to be sold, that is, 3.8% more than in 2019, when the sector was at the peak of production.
However, in order to reverse the losses and overcome the volatile scenario of the global market, it is necessary, in addition to planning and technology on the part of the industry, to know the main processes of raw materials in the chain. Yarn, for example, is considered one of the main inputs of the textile industry. According to Tathiana Pettenuci da Silva, quality consultant at Huvispan Têxtil, a dyeing and finishing company from Santa Catarina, as there are several types and segments of yarn, knowing its production becomes essential for reducing costs and quality of the final product generated.
What are the main types of wires and their segments?
It is on this subject that Tathiana will address in the 1st Meeting for Confection, developed by Revista O Confeccionista. The event will take place on February 28th in São Paulo and will bring together the most renowned Brazilian companies that operate in the textile and clothing sector.
Tathiana reinforces that, as Huvispan has been developing solutions for the textile segment for more than a decade, the company has become a reference and specialist in dyeing, finishing and distribution of yarns such as elastane, polyamide, viscose and metallic yarn. The specialist lists below the main types of yarn, their processing and characteristics:
Polyamide: It is used in the manufacture of bras, bikinis, sports tops, leggings and other articles with comfort and high quality.
“The characteristics of polyamide are soft and cold to the touch, in addition to being perfect for use in hot weather. It does not need to be ironed, it is light and comfortable, in addition to being quick drying and highly absorbent to sweat, which makes it versatile, and can be made in different colors such as light, medium, dark and neon”, he explains.
Polyester: It focuses on the production of fabrics and knits used in shirts, pants, sheets, curtains, furniture and upholstery.
“Polyester is already known for its high durability and resistance to weathering. It does not pierce or fray easily and has a light fit on the pieces. It has fast drying and high sweat absorption and accepts sublimation and other types of prints, in addition to being available in different colors, from light, medium and dark”, he informs.
Elastane: Used in underwear, swimwear, fitness, denim, socks, tights, girdles, in addition to compression clothing, high-performance sportswear and seamless line.
“Spandex, on the other hand, is known for its uniformity and consistency, providing better fabric moldability. One of its features is also the high compression and shape conservation, in addition to having versatility in knits and fabrics. The elastane threads maintain elongation and retraction even in light fabrics, providing greater durability after exposure to chlorine and greater resistance to washing in mixtures with polyester. Finally, its touch and fit are soft in mixtures with heat-sensitive fibers, such as cotton, wool, silk, modal, among others”, he adds.
Viscose: It is applied pure or in combination with other fibers, such as in mixtures with elastane, producing fabrics for women’s clothing, knits, flat fabrics and casual wear.
Very popular, viscose threads have high absorption and durability, quick drying, resistance, solidity and can be made in different colors, from light, medium and dark.
Metal wires: They add a touch of shine and glamor to the production of clothing, footwear, accessories and decor.
“This type of yarn is used in combination with other yarns and adds value to the piece through its high level of shine and glamour. It can also be used in segments such as clothing, lingerie, socks, labels, accessories, among others”, he explains.
What are the main yarn finishes?
Technologies are great allies of companies, providing new functionalities to textile products. Antiviral technology in textile products, for example, became widely known during the Coronavirus pandemic, having applications in garments, masks and bedding. But there are many other treatments to improve fabric performance, so that it dries faster, wards off insects or provides thermal comfort.
Tathiana informs that the finishes can be made in different materials with the aim of protecting people or providing an easier day-to-day life. “Currently, the most used ones are the antimicrobial, which provides protection against a wide range of microorganisms, obtaining safe and odorless products; The thermal that regulates the temperature between the environment and the body; Water and oil repellent that gives protection to water, oil and dry dirt, causing liquids and stains to be repelled, forming drops on the surface; Dry Professional that promotes permanent hydrophilicity to the articles, rapid absorption and transport of moisture away from the body with quick drying; And finally, insect repellent, an insecticide product with high activity based on insect control technology and works to prevent diseases transmitted by mosquitoes and parasites”.
“It is important to emphasize that the thread is the soul of the textile product. By guaranteeing the origin and quality of the raw material, it is possible to deliver a quality and durable product to the final consumer. This saves on reprocessing costs, less customer complaints and a high level of brand loyalty”, he concludes.
