The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA), which measures official inflation, closed 2022 with a rate of 5.79% accumulated in the year. The index was below the 10.06% accumulated in 2021, according to data released today (10) by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).
Accumulated inflation in 2022 was mainly driven by food and beverage prices, which rose 11.64% in the year, up from 7.94% in 2021. Spending on health and personal care also had an important impact, which remained 11 .43% more expensive. The group of clothing expenses, in turn, had the greatest change in the month: 18.02%.
Transport helped to curb the 2022 IPCA, registering a deflation (price drop) of 1.29% in the year. This group of expenses had accumulated inflation of 21.03% in the previous year.
The communication group also ended the year with deflation: -1.02%. The other groups had the following inflation rates in the year: household goods (7.89%), personal expenses (7.77%), education (7.48%) and housing (0.07%).
December
Official inflation, measured by the Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA), was 0.62% in December. The rate was above the 0.41% of the previous month but below the 0.73% of December 2021.
The biggest rise in prices in the month came from the group health and personal care (1.60%), which also had the biggest impact on official inflation in the period. The items with the greatest impact in this group were personal care products (3.65%), especially perfumes which, with a rise of 9.02%, had the greatest individual impact on the IPCA.
With an inflation of 0.66%, food products and beverages had the second biggest impact on the official inflation in December, driven by price hikes for products such as tomatoes (14.17%), pinto beans (7.37%), onion (4.56%) and rice (3.77%).
No group of expenses showed a drop in prices in the month. But groups such as transport and housing had more casualties than in November. Transport had a rate of 0.21% in December, below the 0.83% of November, due to falls in the prices of gasoline (1.04%), diesel oil (2.07%) and vehicle gas (0.45 %).
The high prices of ethanol (0.48%), airline tickets (0.89%) and tolls (3%) maintained transport with inflation.
Housing changed from 0.51% in November to 0.20% in December, due to less intense increases, in December, of items such as residential rent (0.40%) and residential electricity (0.20%).
